Although Italy has registered partnerships for same-sex couples, having a child through surrogacy is prohibited. Large cities such as Milan therefore had an administrative arrangement in which parents could register as parent 1 and parent 2, instead of biological parents.

Georgia Meloni's conservative government disagree with the current arrangement. The mayor of Milan, Giuseppe Sala, said he received a letter from the Ministry of the Interior to stop registering gay couples if they have had a child through surrogacy. The Meloni government is a strong opponent of surrogate mothers. According to Eugenia Roccella, the minister of Equal Opportunities and Family Affairs, there is a "children's market". She emphasises that “surrogacy propaganda” is prohibited.

The Vice-President of the Italian House of Representatives Fabio Rampelli launched an attack on same-sex couples who want to have children. He believes that gay couples should “keep their desire to have children to themselves”. In addition, they must not “make selfish choices to the detriment of the women whose oocyte they buy and rent the uterus for nine months”. 

Moreover, Rampelli believes that children who have gay parents are “destined to grow up in tormented lives simply because they would like to have a mother, as nature provides.”

Italy also seems to be resisting new parenting rules at a European level. The European Commission has made a proposal to ensure that parents receive a certificate proving that a child is theirs. Now, same-sex couples who have had a child through a surrogate mother still have problems with legal recognition in EU Member States such as Bulgaria. According to the European Union treaty, all member states must agree to this type of measure, as it affects citizenship, where the EU has few competences. An Italian veto could therefore put an end to the parentage certificate.